In this pool photograph distributed by the Russian state agency Sputnik, China's President Xi Jinping attends the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) summit in Bishkek on September 1, 2026. (Photo by Vyacheslav PROKOFYEV / POOL / AFP via Getty Images)

In this pool photograph distributed by the Russian state agency Sputnik, Iran's President Masoud Pezeshkian attends the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) summit in Bishkek on September 1, 2026. (Photo by Vyacheslav PROKOFYEV / POOL / AFP via Getty Images)

In this pool photograph distributed by the Russian state agency Sputnik, Russia's President Vladimir Putin attends the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) summit in Bishkek on September 1, 2026. (Photo by Peter KOVALEV / POOL / AFP via Getty Images)

In this pool photograph distributed by the Russian state agency Sputnik, Russia's President Vladimir Putin and other leaders attend the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) summit in Bishkek on September 1, 2026. (Photo by Peter KOVALEV / POOL / AFP via Getty Images)

In this pool photograph distributed by the Russian state agency Sputnik, Russia's President Vladimir Putin gives a speech during the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) summit in Bishkek on September 1, 2026. (Photo by Vyacheslav PROKOFYEV / POOL / AFP via Getty Images)

In this pool photograph distributed by the Russian state agency Sputnik, China's President Xi Jinping attends the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) summit in Bishkek on September 1, 2026. (Photo by Vyacheslav PROKOFYEV / POOL / AFP via Getty Images)

In this pool photograph distributed by the Russian state agency Sputnik, Russia's President Vladimir Putin gives a speech during the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) summit in Bishkek on September 1, 2026. (Photo by Vyacheslav PROKOFYEV / POOL / AFP via Getty Images)

In this pool photograph distributed by the Russian state agency Sputnik, Russia's President Vladimir Putin gives a speech during the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) summit in Bishkek on September 1, 2026. (Photo by Vyacheslav PROKOFYEV / POOL / AFP via Getty Images)